History of South Africa’s Apartied Essay

South Africa is a land of abundant natural resources with a mild climate, and lush fertile land. With natural resources like diamonds, gold, and platinum, it’s no wonder that the Dutch East India Company set up settlements on the Cape of Good Hope. These settlements established a trade port between South Africa and other countries. The 17th and 18th centuries, saw settlements popping up all over Africa. Settlers from France, England, Portugal, Belgium and Spain came, forcing the Africans from their lands and turning them into a labor force. By the 20th century the British had taken over most of the settlements in the northeast, east, west, and the center of South Africa and the French controlled most of the northwest. The Republic of South Africa has had a very turbulent 20th century. Although apartied officially started in 1948, South Africa’s history for racial domination began much earlier. The Land Act was put into place in 1913, restricting Black African citizens from buying land outside special areas or reserves. This act also allowed for black sharecroppers, living on â€Å"white land†, to be relocated to these reserves. Although the Act was not enforced often, it set the stage for the â€Å"Black Homelands†, which would come into play later. The National Party, a white pro-segregation party, was voted into power after WWII. They began preparing racial legislation, and in 1949, the Mixed Marriage Act became law, prohibiting whites and blacks from marrying. In 1950, the Immorality Act made it a crime for whites to have sexual relations with any other race. The Population Registration Act required all people living in South Africa to register their race. A child born from any union would immediately be registered with their race/ethnicity. Many other acts were introduced in the coming years. All were passed to seriously limit any economic, political, or educational opportunities for the black South Africans. These Apartied Acts actually resulted in the promotion of the Black Self-Government Act in 1958, and the Black Homeland Citizenship Act in 1971. The Self-Government Act established ten areas in South Africa called Homelands. These â€Å"Homelands† were divided based on the tribe formally living there. All tribe members were expected to return to this land, where they would live and be governed by their own self-government. With the 1971 Citizenship Act, tribes were no longer citizens of South Africa. Instead they would be citizens of their Homelands. RESISTANCE TO APARTIED One of the first political organizations that opposed apartied was Lumumba Yama Africa; they believed that African unity was the only way to fight the white government . This party started in the 19th century, encouraging many other parties to join them in this goal. The apartied was also influenced by outside powers, such as Gandhi. These organizations instituted revolts beginning in 1960, leaving 69 dead and 190 injured. Apartied did not receive international awareness when the laws were created in 1948. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement in the United States, and the troubles in Asia and the rest of the African continent, awareness was finally brought to light to the rest of the world. In November 1977, the United Nations also became involved, by imposing arms embargos December 1977saw other sanctions. Many countries brought more awareness by not allowing South African Airway to land in their country. The South African government, because they were experiencing great economic growth, chose to show indifference to any criticisms from other organizations or countries. Because the white South Africans were prospering economically, sanctions continued to be ignored. IT’S OVER Apartied finally came to an end in 1990. By 1991, all apartied laws were repealed. The sanctions by other countries and organizations were also repealed. Since then, the government has been working hard to improve economic growth by creating jobs and integrating the workforce. Even though racism still exists in South Africa; cooperation between races has improved significally. REFERENCES Apartied Timeline. (n. d. ). Apartied Timeline. Retrieved from http://cyberschoolbus. un. org/discrim/race_b_at_print. asp Apartied in South Africa. (n. d. ) In Wikipedia (Rep. ). (n. d. ). Retrieved from www-cs-studentsstanford. edu/~cale/cs201/apartied. hist. html White, G. W. , ;amp; Bradshaw, M. J. (2011). Essentials of world regional geography (2nd ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Narative Report

A NARRATIVE OF OFF-CAMPUS EXPERIENCES IN RCA COMPUTER SALES & SERVICES LUCENA CITY A Report Submitted to: Ms. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ Southern Luzon State University Gumaca Campus Gumaca, Quezon In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements In On the Job Training 1 By: CHEYNARRD B. ORATE JUNE 2011 SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY GUMACA CAMPUS GUMACA QUEZON APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Summer On Job Training Program.This report entitled â€Å"A NARRATIVE REPORT OF OFF – CAMOUS EXPERIENCES IN RCA COMPUTER SALES ANG SERVICES, LUCENA CITY â€Å" has been prepared and submitted by CHEYNARRD BENIPAYO ORATE is hereby recommended for approval. MS. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ Coordinator Chairman DR. FELIX B. LAMPOS JR. OIC- Gumaca Campus Accepted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Summer On Job Training 1 with the rating of 1. 5 Approved: MS. CHERRY ANN MENDEZ On Job Training Coordinator ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIt is a great pleasure to acknowledge with sincere gratitude and appreciation all those who have contributed in one way or another to the successful accomplishment of this narrative report. Without their support and contributions, this narrative report would not have been completed. To my co-OJT John Ralp Fabroa for being helpful and being nice to me Ms. Cherry Ann Mendez our OJT coordinator for his guidance support during our OJT. Finally, to my family who gave moral and financial supports. Above all to our Almighty God the source of all Goodness and GracesDEDICATION This compilation denotes a grateful gratitude to the following notable persons who rendered their immeasurable supports. To my family who are my inspirations and who gave their moral and financial supports. To my friends who always give me advices with regards to my problem. CHEYNARRD BENIPAYO ORATE INTRODUCTION The Diploma in Industrial Technology Major in Computer Technology intends to produce an efficient and effective technician because the students in this subjec t will learn how to apply what they have learned from their professor.It is a really big help for me that i am enrolled in on this On Job Training because we will be trained to become a better and good technician someday. You will manage how to face the common problems that will be surely encountered during the actual works or training. Most of all I learned that time is very precious, that every minute’s counts, so now I will spend it wisely. OBJECTIVES OF TRAINING To trained my knowledge for being a better technician in the near future. To be familiarized in the different problems of one computer. To depend on my own opinion how to solve such a problem and not to depend on others.To know what is the problem of the computer in the way of troubleshooting and to experience the world of working. WORK ACCOMPLISHMENTS On my training in RCA Computer Sales and Services I able to apply my skill in their because we usually assemble a computer which is being teach in my beloved school which is Southern Luzon State University Gumaca Campus which located here in Gumaca Quezon. How to handle the parts of the computer with care and where to hold it because some parts of the computer is sensitive. How to put it carefully don’t need to be scratch, properly inserted the screw and proper tighten it.Then one time a customer came and ask how much for the speaker, their two speaker with a different price so I do the sales talk what our my sales clerk do because that time there are my customer that being entertained asking price and what parts are better for their computer and then I told to our customer what are the different of the two and best speaker is the one who has the higher price of course so that we have a sales and then we tested it and our customer satisfied with the sound then our customer said ok I will buy then how cookie crumble I made a sales and I know to communicate to the customer.The other is not very simple I got into a service to the Maritime at Enverga University i just bought their power supply and put it on their unit then back to RCA. Then a service again one customer buys a full set of computer monitor, mouse, keyboard, headset, webcam, computer table with chairs and the system unit of course and they requested to setup their unit on their home and then I volunteer to came with them and our sales clerk agree with that so where at their house I setup their unit and that’s it and I am not waiting for any tip for what I done then suddenly they me a two pieces of â€Å"Balot† how lucky I am then I said thank you.Their business is distributing a â€Å"Balot† in some place in lucena to sell it just sharing. This is what we usually do in everyday when we go to our training first is to clean the place. Then a customer came brought their system unit then our head technician ask what is the problem of their unit then we get the unit bring in the tech room to be troubleshoot then when it is finish to troub leshoot we tell to the customer what is the problem of their unit.If the problem is the operating system we will reformat it because that what our head technician told to us and I always volunteer do to that because I know how to do it because as I said our school teach that and the one teach us is no other than Ms. Cherry Ann Mendez. Thank you so much mam. And John Ralp and I is the must advance knowledge with our co-ojt because some of them don’t how to troubleshoot, how to go in cmos bios set-up. PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTIONS OFFEREDIf you go in RCA lucena Branch and you are going to buy a ten unit of computer full set with table and chair you need to wait for one week or more because they don’t have any stock there they ordered it in the main office. Here’s a problem the RCA today is not the apple of the eye that you know it. Because the owner of RCA has a little problem with the supplier because some of the products are owe by the owner of RCA and not b eing paid so that the delivery on each branch is being delayed. Just sharing for information) Then were in the lucena branch of RCA on the first day of our training nothings seems to be worry as the days go on some customer asking for the products that their ordered and their get a no answer we said that â€Å"sir/mam we don’t have a delivery of the products that you order came back again next week maybe we have your ordered products. Some customer waited for almost three months and they did not get their ordered product even if they paid the half price of the product.Then another customer buying for one system unit some parts of the computer needed to assemble is available there in RCA and some parts is not available so our sales clerk need a sales and she need a local source of course they accepted it then our sales clerk ask for one trainee because she will be asking to buy the other parts in another store there is no illegal their because its business the bad part is the store that you’re going to brought the products, because they saying a bad thing on the part of RCA if they know that the one who’s buying is from RCA and I am the one who always buy the part of the computer needed for assemble and released for the customer.And here the one problem that Ralp and I encountered not with RCA but inside the RCA with our Co-Ojt there are super â€Å"TAMAD GRABE† here a setting our head branch calling for one trainee just to buy a mineral water just across the street and I know that they here that but there ignore it then a second call and I am inserting the MOBO on the casing because there some ordered to be released then suddenly one of my co-ojt pointed me and tell me that â€Å"hey cheynarrd mam gina asking you to buy her a mineral water† then I leave what I’m doing and pass it to them then I went outside to buy a mineral. If you are on the job training you should follow what your superior told do so. That’s my problem encounter and solution’s offered. JUSTIFICATIONAt the end of my training I will definitely say thanks for everything that I learned in RCA Computer Sales and Services and I will really miss all the bonding all the laughs, jokes to my co-OJT namely Jayson, Ricky, Jeff, Allan, Big, Espinar, Tangkad, Willard, Crystal, Mich and specially my partner John Ralp to our technician namely Sir Mike, Sir Ronnie and Sir Kenneth and to our head branch Mam Gina and our sales clerk Mam Jhona thanks again. I learned here how to communicate to my supervisor to my co-OJT and to the RCA customer and should I say that I really improve my skill here like assembling a computer using safety precaution and disassembling computer parts and peripherals. I also learned here what is the basic troubleshooting and how to troubleshoot as well and I put some flow chart attached here in my narrative report.I also improve me skill here and learned software and hardware installation and windows insta llation and being patient will installing. And also I learned here you should be memories the product key of your operating system like Windows XP service pack two because will you are in the field or servicing to your customer you don’t have to get your notes and then type it if you get what I’m saying. Here’s what product key that I been memories will I was there at RCA Computer Sales and Services K2KB2-BDBGV-KP686-D8T7X-HDMQ8 it is for all services pack two only. And I also learned here how to test your power supply if it is working or not. Maybe that’s all folks PICTURES/ENDURSEMENT

A Strange Meeting

The blistering cold atmosphere shrouded by its crystalline twilight embodied it's presence over the dark Tamoe Highlands; the field which divided the two kingdoms of Lucil. The gloomy surroundings pierced the night sky, causing people to wonder what sort of menace was at work here; what evil had corrupted the lands of their beloved domain. Gathering people crawled outside of the city walls, on both fronts; the kingdoms of Garthia, and Reynard. They stood in amazement, as sparks of light flickered over head, vaporising the darkness that should have been convenient, replacing it with the most beautiful pearl-like spheres; whose exterior was sheltered with tiny diamonds of exquisiteness. The people turned their gaze to a larger sphere, more dominant, as it were. This orb was unlike anything anyone had ever seen; it's splendour unmatched. The stone cold daze of every single soul; every human, had its eyes fixed on its occurrence, as it twirled in the sparkling sky, gleaming its magnificence for all to see. People began to pace themselves, gradually moving their feet, eyes always focused on their objective; the sphere. They were drawn to its presence, drawn there by some unseen force, or perhaps, they were a victim to greed; all wishing to obtain this obsidian of absolute perfection. Whatever the reason, they all wanted the same thing. Every last person there wanted to touch this orb in the sky, before them. As one of the kingdom members reached out for it, the others became slightly annoyed, agitated by what was happening. Before they knew it, their calm, peaceful, hands became weapons, as they fought each other for this object; this beauty. The greed in every single of them was reflecting the golden aura in each of their eyes, as they killed one another for the sake of this newly born object. One by one, the slaughter went on, humans dying, fighting for the possession of this item. Eventually, one remained; a man by the name of Tarik. He was a great man, a blacksmith, from the kingdom of Reynard. He was a very respectable man; always there when his service was needed, and even when it wasn't needed, he would be there to give a helping hand to anyone who needed it. Grasping the golden sphere in his hands, he peered into its surface; curious of where this came from — it's origin. Nothing like this had been seen before, so it was obvious to him that he was holding some sort of relic; an item that was clearly sought after. He held this item close to his chest, making sure his grip was tightly holding it; afraid someone would steal it from him. Years past, times changed, kingdoms crumbled, and legends were created, and people's theories blinded those who were imprudent enough to alter the truth. Stories were told, people were educated; wondering where this mysterious orb now lay. There were many different stories and films dedicated to exploiting the truth, but they were always altered in on way or another; never fully showing what happened. A young boy strutted up to the building, hands lying lazily in his coat pockets, playing with the loose change he gained upon purchasing some goods for his mother, half-hour past. He tilted his head as he approached the suede doors; seemingly pondering about it's interior. He let our a silent sigh, as he took the last few steps, before swinging the giant doors open with a keen thrust. â€Å"Anybody home?† he muttered, echoing through the dark halls of the building. There was no response. The boy gazed around, looking for someone he could possibly talk to. He walked towards the reception desk, peering over the counter, to find absolutely no one there. The boy then retreated back a few steps, before searching once more for someone, anyone, who could help him. â€Å"Peter?† ‘Peter' turned around, his gaze now fixed on the speaker of his name; searching needlessly to match their face to a name. â€Å"Back again, I see. Hm, you'll have to learn we won't help you with every single need† alleged the woman, powerfully, with her strong voice. Peter's head tilted forwards, staring at the ground, as if the words of this woman have shunned his feelings, making him sad in the event that he could not get his own way. Removing his hands from his pockets, he brushed stray hairs from his face, and gently tucked them behind his ear. â€Å"I understand†¦it's just that, I've heard so much about this sphere, I need someone to actually help me find it!† The young boy was keen, his will strong, on finding the legend of his homeland, Lucil. He wanted to experience, and understands, the beauty his people had witnessed over four thousand years before him. He was certain it lay dormant in this particular place, but had no one to help him excavate it. The woman shook her head, and walked forwards towards Peter. She patted him softly, on his cushioned hair, comforting him, before strolling off down one of the larger corridors; her feet creating constant echoes of footsteps in her wake. â€Å"I'll get it†¦with or without help, I'll get it† thought Peter, as he thudded the doors open, once more, with his hands; this time, more quickly and powerfully, to match his newly acquired mood. The streets of New Reynard were silent; the day was drawing to an end, as the bright sun sunk behind the surrounding mountains. Clouds were growing darker, as rain began to trickle from their interior; showering the city, making a melody of frequent drumming, as it landed onto the earth. Peter peered up, staring into the clouds, before sitting down, peacefully, in the rain. He loved the rain; loved to be in it because of its glorifying touch, its caring aura of water. He just sat there, embracing the cold, damp, atmosphere, as he pondered existence, just as he always did when he was sat in the rain. The young boy wondered†¦about the sphere, more than anything. What importance does it have to the world? Why is it here? There were a lot of questions that he wanted, but was afraid, to discover. Hours past, and the rain moved on, revealing the midnight sky, and the all of its stars, intertwined its beautiful crescent. Peter stood up, soaked with water, he waltzed off down a road leading to his home; water trickling down his spherical visage. As he unlocked his door, he walked inside, taking his shoes off at the door, and planting them beside his families, before taking off his coat and placing it on a hanger. His family were long asleep, and he feared to wake them, so he simply ran upstairs to bed; pulling his blankets over his head, and dreaming of this sphere-like relic he desired to obtain. Morning arose, and he jumped out of his tiny bed. As he did so, he fluffed his pillow, and placed the blankets back over his bed. Peter spoke to none of his family, still, and walked out of the door, slamming it behind him, as he hastily walked off into the bustle streets of New Reynard. He was engulfed in desire to find this sphere, he was determined, and today, he would find it. After 2 years of research, and revising the theories, and so called â€Å"truth† on this event that took place 4000 years ago, he was determined, and sure, he would find it today; alone, if he had to. Running towards the mountains, Peter swung his arms as he ran as fast as he could. Before coming to the edge of town, he crossed the bridge that separated the settlement from the grasslands of Lucil; but it wasn't very far to the mountain range, still. As he approached the mountains, there was a rather unexpected sound emerging from the depths of a cave; somewhere that had previously been explored many a time. The roaring noise became more frequent, and thunderous, as he stepped towards it. His necklace that was passed onto him from the generations of fathers seemingly began to fluctuate, as he got nearer, and nearer. Approaching even further still, the tiny bead on his necklace sprouted a neon-glow of blue, as it fired a tiny laser of accuracy into a small gap in the cave wall; causing an explosion of rock as it fell crumbled away, revealing a compartment within the caves. Peter approached it, his heart racing faster than it ever had, clutching at his chain to steady it. Slowly walking towards the inner area of the wall, he glared at a metallic shrine in front of him; he basked at its glory, for it was shunning a powerful aura of energy, sparking at the corners, where energy was leaping from its body. The boy walked towards the memorial; drips of sweat dripping down his face, as he approached it steadily, wondering what this was. He finally stood right next to it, reaching his right arm out slowly, as he tapped the surface with his index finger; wondering if anything would actually happen. There was a glare of blinding light, and Peter stood back, falling to the ground as he did so. His heart began to fluctuate even more, as the shrine hovered into the air, spiralling around in circles, like some sort of magic was in play here. There was a heart, tempered, voice coming from it, as it twirled in the air. â€Å"Hahaha†¦so you think you can take my sphere, do you? Hahaha!† All of a sudden, the top of the memorial blew off, revealing a travesty of golden beams piercing the cave walls, and ceiling. Peter closed his eyes, whilst throwing his hands in front of his face, to shield himself from the blinding light that was in play. He wished that he had never come here, that he had never revealed this sacred shrine that was before him now; scaring him into thinking about nothing but torment. A man jumped out of the casket that was on the shrine, and walked towards Peter slowly; a golden sphere of beauty gently cradled in his arms, as he walked forwards, grinning as he did so. He spoke one more, in a more taunting manner. â€Å"Peter, Peter, Peter†¦how dare you intrude my place of sleep. How dare you think you can steal my sphere! How dare you!† Throwing his arm forwards, the man pierced Peter's chest with his fist; revealing blood to drip from his lifeless body, as he fell backwards, lying completely on the floor; red liquid spurting from his mouth, as he choked in his own blood. The man grinned, before turning around, and heading back into the casket one more, to lay dormant again, with his precious sphere of beauty; protecting it from anyone who thinks they can take it from him. The mountains were once again silent†¦nothing could be heard, nothing was to be seen. The dark skies covered the twilight horizon, as day became a fragment of bliss. †¦that is the tale, of the striking orb. The tale that has been since passed on from man to man; but, who could have passed on, when there was no one there but the boy? Theories have emerged, legends have been written, but no one knows for sure how the story came about.

An American Indian Providing their Perspective of the English Assignment

An American Indian Providing their Perspective of the English - Assignment Example Primarily coming from the southern states of America, my forefathers had later settled in the northern part, in quest of better living. Recounting my experience is interesting because history has long since been regarded as a very important document of a country’s inheritance of its cultural values, people and its socio-political and economic evolution. While some of the historical events can be gleaned from the written accounts of the eyewitnesses, the authenticity of the same is always in doubt and helps the historians to delve deeper into the myriad aspects of evolving time. Indeed, my children grandchildren tell me that there is well-documented information about America from the time it was discovered by the Spanish conquistadors. But we are the original inhabitants of this country and I think, history should be interpreted from the accounts of our people and sot solely accepted from the foreigners who have now been declared as rightful citizens of this land! History for us is the tales of the times that are passed on to from generations to generation and added from the inputs of the succeeding generations. Frankly speaking, the stories of my forefathers, as told to me by grandparents, are a mixture of the good and the bad. The good things comprise of our culture and the pride in our tradition and values. We value human beings as the creation of God and they have the responsibility of maintaining good relationships with all the things that God has created. Thus, conservation of the environment is an intrinsic part of our heritage. I think this was the major issue that has brought about so much of conflict in our lives through the times. The clash of ideas and the ambitious and often nefarious intentions of the Europeans have resulted in the formation of a new social order where racial discrimination has superseded human values.

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Financial Management - Essay Example real side of facts, however, the corporate goal of shareholder’s wealth maximization does not cause any negative or positive effect to the weight given to the ethical consideration given by market participants (Donald & Nelson, 2000). This paper is therefore meant to research whether the two goals of business ethics and value maximization are conflicting or not. It remains a traditional ideology where it was argued that wealth maximization is inconsistent with ethical behavior in a business. It has often been suggested that the people’s desire for value maximization in general and shareholders’ wealth maximization directly oppose the ethical concepts such as honesty, fairness and corporate social responsibility, or the good of the society. In maximizing the firm’s corporate value, an ethical firm may do this by maximizing the stock prices. In this way, the firm makes the stock as desirable as possible to investors. As we know, market prices can reflect ethics just as they can reflect other valuable items in the market such as cash flows. Investors who care about ethical issues therefore will the stock of unethical firm undesirable. This will make its stock price become lower than that of an ethical firm (Smith, 1992). In our day to day life, if a manager would like to hire someone to perform unethical work for certain ill-gain in the business, they will have to part with much more pay than if they hired someone to do some ethical duty for them which will gain the business positively. From this, it is evident that one cannot get into any unethical behavior with an aim of maximizing the corporate value of the firm. One of the ethical behaviors of managers in a business is that of corporate social responsibility. However, a firm that involves in corporate social responsibility lowers its ability to maximize its corporate value. For instance, a firm would like to donate some amount of money to a non-profit making organization to support a certain cause. By

Gender and Sexual Studies Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gender and Sexual Studies Questions - Assignment Example African American women are tempted by cars, houses and money if they take care about white and rich children, but in reality they have to look 24/7 after the children and have no days off. People, hiring domestic workers for dirty work in America very often beat their housemaids and nannies. How does it happen in the modern America? The scheme of exploitation is rather simple: employers confiscate passport and other documents of the coming women and sign a contract, where low paid working hours and hard work are described (Zarembka, p. 4). There are no even appropriate words to describe cruelty, sexual and physical assault practiced by employers against their hired housekeepers or nannies. Therefore, women from ethnic minorities or immigrants are often treated as â€Å"simple creatures† or even â€Å"slaves†. Domestic workers are hired by individual boss and it is hard for legal institutions to protect the rights of those â€Å"creatures†, hidden in private house s. These people from developing countries are looking for a better chance for life and they go to America â€Å"to make their dream come true†. In reality, as we can see in the film â€Å"Maid in America†, these women live their children in their developing countries and come to America for cleaning and bringing up children of other women. There are more than 10 million undocumented workers in America, which came to the country in the searching for a better life. More than 100,000 of them are deported to Mexico and Central America. Proponents claim that these are better lives for women in comparison with what they left at home. Very often these women are looking for better lives for their families, but on the other hand, in reality they penetrate in the cruel world of slavery. Non-English speaking help is easily controlled by the employers in America and they know that women have no place to go and they can work for low payments, in spite of the absence of social guara ntees or legal protection of their rights. Therefore, on the one hand, immigrants consider America as the most perfect dream, but on the other hand, they cannot make their dream come true. There is no doubt that financial concerns and a better future are two important triggers for â€Å"dirty work† performance. Still, there is a need to support developing countries and provide its dwellers with an opportunity to earn money and make future of their children better than they have at home. Thus, there is a need for prohibition of illegal human trafficking and shelters for illegal workers in America. Bridget Anderson in her article â€Å"Just Another Job? The Commodification of Domestic labor† claims that household duties cannot be done by working couple, which have children and money. They are busy at work and they need someone to help about the house. Middle-class women once having access to hiring domestic workers, get rid of their boring daily routine and have much tim e for their family, career, rest and themselves. On the one hand, if they are ready to pay for help, why not, but on the other hand, this domestic work is really degrading self-esteem of their employees and they are not satisfied with salary they get for doing daily routine jobs (Anderson, p. 2). It is better to bring up children with correct moral principles and enable them to take care about themselves. There is a lack of social viability of domestic

Counter Insergency in Afghanistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Counter Insergency in Afghanistan - Essay Example (Jeffery 1995) Till 1989, the Soviet Union had been fighting against these Mujahideen but could not win. They had to pull out from rugged terrain of Afghanistan. This resulted in the disintegration of Soviet Union in to several independent Republics. The left over triumphant Mujahideen divided between themselves under Persian speaking northern alliance and Pushto speaking Taliban (Rizwan 2005). Since the later group was dominant in numbers and support from the other surrounding Islamic countries captured almost allover Afghanistan in 1994. They continued in gaining grounds and strengthening their power on the basis of fundamentalist version of Islam (William Maley; 1998) and disregarded the allowance of Human Rights to all the other nations of the World. After 09/11, 2001 when the trade center in New York came under attack and caused destruction of thousands of lives in USA. The allegation went directly to Taliban and Usama Bin Laden allegedly hiding in Afghanistan. Now the Taliban had to go. USA along with NATO forces attacked Afghanistan and dislodged Taliban Government. Contrary to Soviet occupation Taliban could not resist the US pressure arms and ammunition for a longer time. Since 2002 the conventional US coalition forces installed Hamid Karazai's Government with a view to build national consensus of political process and start the reconstruction work on war footings. The American strategy changed from destruction of enemy by force and aimed at large scale reconstruction efforts to ally the local population for elimination of Taliban as a potential danger for peace and security in the region. Taliban had in fact proved to be the political arm of Al-Qaida covertly operative in USA. The reconstruction efforts under Hamid Karazai Government have proved to be a success at a larger scale. On the political front, American and NATO forces have been able to secure larger portion of local populace at least in Urban and Sub-Urban Areas. The local commanders have been lured into the political and reconstruction process. They have been instrumental in containing Talibization of the areas under the control. They have been actively participating in Jirgaaz (Political Congregation of Elders). The International community has been able to pledge significant funding for Afghan Economy. At London Conference of International Donors in 2006 US$ 10.5 Billion have bee n pledged for the five-year plan of security governance rule of law and human rights. At this point of time Afghan Government has been portraying a much bigger and better picture of economy and good chances of foreign direct investment. Since 2001 around 15 billion US$ have been spent on the reconstruction efforts of Afghanistan. There are numerous UN agencies and International NGOs like Action Aid UK, Oxfam UK, ICRC UK who have been pro-actively working for the betterment of Afghan Nationals. All these efforts have effectively demoralized and contained the spread of Taliban in Afghanistan. This was not the case while Soviet's had

In george orwell's Animal Farm, what is the difference between art and Essay

In george orwell's Animal Farm, what is the difference between art and propanda - Essay Example The process of achieving absolute power, the art of misinformation, and the way oppressed are perpetually oppressed in order to enjoy political power are allegorically portrayed in Animal Farm by the skilful use of irony and satire. A close scrutiny of the role of art and propaganda in Animal Farm is the focus of this paper. For a totalitarian government propaganda is essential in order to influence its audience. After selecting some important facts or information, they are presented in such a persuasive manner that they get injected into the minds of the people with little resistance. Propaganda is also needed to counter this kind of move. For example â€Å"our lives are miserable, laborious, and short. We are born, we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies†, tells Old Major to his comrades (Ch. 1). The revolutionary spirit is thus put in the minds of the general public, by Old Major, in Manor Farm. Therefore, propaganda is an inevitable political t ool in a society. The problem arises when the information is selected with a sinister motive, to achieve some selfish interest for a person or a party, or when it becomes harmful to the people, in this book for the animals: "War is war. The only good human being is a dead one" (Ch. 1V). The stress here is on the emotional response rather than on the rational response. This kind of propaganda is used to further some political agenda without taking the welfare of the people into consideration. Ultimately it also assumes the form of political warfare, leading to totalitarianism. Orwell has not written his novel to appease any particular party. John Rodden writes, â€Å"Orwell reportedly told his friend Stephen Spender, the well-known English poet, that he â€Å"had not written a book against Stalin in order to provide propaganda for capitalists† (Rodden, 135). Therefore, Animal Farm is to be seen as a work of art written to condemn all forms of totalitarianism. Animal Farm, the refore, is not a political work intended to propagate that totalitarianism is bad. On the contrary, it is a literary work which only takes the evil nature of totalitarianism as its content. It enables the students to study all aspects of satire, and also enlightens them on how effective allegory is in literature. Character development is superb in Animal Farm. â€Å"Squealer, with very round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, and a shrill voice† reveals his true nature (Ch. 11). Orwell gives minute details of each and every animal, its natural instincts, without forgetting that they are the caricatures of great political personalities. Their role is to propagate to the readers the idiosyncrasies of their human originals in politics they represent, and they do it extremely well without forgetting their original tails or wings. Variety is the richness of Animal Farm, an assembly of complex and conflicting characters uniting for a purpose. They reenact the historical and political events superbly, which if presented as a book of history or politics would have generated repulsion and boredom. In the hands of Orwell art and propaganda converge to gift to the readers a fantastic piece of literary work. The working class is presented in the novel very

Importance of teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance of teams - Essay Example The following section will focus on importance of teamwork in other sectors like aviation, auto racing and military and the lessons that healthcare industry can learn. Teamwork is extremely important for any sector that is highly reliant on human performance. In a team two aspects are equally important – taskwork and teamwork. While the former means the skills needed by the members to execute their tasks, the latter means the approach needed by the members to complete the tasks. In aviation, both of these are required. The importance of effective task performance by crew members in the cockpit cannot be denied. At the same time, there should be strong teamwork for harmonization and communication between the crew members. Records have shown that 68 percent of air mishaps occur due to poor coordination between aircrew (Salas & Maurino, 2010, p.254). According to Salas et al. (2005) there are five requirements for a team’s efficiency. First, strong leadership since it is through a team leader’s guidance the members can perform in a coordinated manner. Second, members need to monitor the activities of each other to keep track of e rrors or lapses to ensure perfection in overall performance. Third, backup behavior like members with less work load should share the burden of those who have excessive work load. Fourth, adaptability which means members should be able to adjust their work in case of unexpected difficulties. Fifth, team orientation indicates that each person should have compatible approach to work with other individuals. All the five elements are required in aviation in order to handle any emergency situation in the cockpit. In auto racing, teamwork between pit crew and race is considered as exemplary. The process underlying auto racing itself requires high level of team work, and it is said that no other industry promotes teamwork as